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Healthcare Diagnosing and Treating Professions

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)
The advanced practice registered nurse is a registered nurse who has met the educational and clinical-practice requirements for working as a nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse midwife, or certified nurse anesthetist, and has passed an advanced practice certification exam. APRNs are State-approved to practice collaboratively with, or independently of, another healthcare professional in a range of settings: home, hospital, institution, office, industry, school, community agency, public or private clinic, private practice, etc.

Services include diagnosing and managing common acute illnesses and chronic stable conditions, making referrals, and conducting comprehensive healthcare assessments focused on health promotion and disease prevention.

Certification/Registration

Clinical Social Worker (CSW)
Clinical social workers provide mental health services for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental, behavioral, and emotional disorders in individuals, families, and groups. Their goal is to enhance and maintain their patients’ physical, psychological, and social function.

Dentist (DDS)
The dentist diagnoses, prevents, and treats diseases; injuries; and malformations of the teeth, gums, and related oral structures. Dentists fill cavities, straighten teeth, and repair fractured teeth. They also extract and replace missing teeth; treat dental tissue-disease affecting vitality of teeth; and provide instruction on diet as related to dental health. The dentist may also possess a State-issued certificate to administer general anesthesia in an office setting.

Certification/Registration

Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT)
A marriage and family therapist is a mental health professional trained in psychotherapy and family systems and is qualified to diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorders within the context of various family systems.

Mental Health Counselor (MHC)
A mental health counselor counsels individuals and groups in order to promote optimum mental health with an emphasis on prevention. MHCs help people deal with addiction and substance-abuse; family-, parenting-, and marital-problems; suicidal thinking; stress management; problems with self-esteem; and issues associated with aging and mental and emotional health.

Certification/Registration

Pharmacist
A pharmacist compounds and dispenses medications according to prescriptions from physicians, dentists, or other State-authorized practitioners allowed to prescribe medicine. Pharmacists provide information to patients on the use of medicines and advise healthcare practitioners on the selection, dosage, possible interactions, and side-effects of medication. Most pharmacists practice within the general practice of the profession, but a pharmacist can acquire one or more specialties.

Specialty Certification/Registration

Physician (MD and DO)
The doctor of medicine (MD) and the doctor of osteopathy (DO) are licensed in every State to practice medicine and perform the most complex procedures by virtue of education, training, and demonstrated competence. The MD or DO can practice as an employee of a healthcare facility or as an independent practitioner granted privileges to admit and treat patients in a hospital.

A variety of specialty certifications are available to physicians from board-certifying organizations such as the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS), the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) specialty boards, and other organizations. The ESAR-VHP Program requires the collection and verification of specialty-certification data from the ABMS and AOA for physicians because it helps identify the particular area of medicine in which the physician has been trained and has demonstrated competency.

Specialty and Subspecialty Certification/Registration

Physician Assistant (PA)
Physician assistants practice medicine under the supervision of physicians and surgeons. They should not be confused with medical assistants, who perform routine clinical and clerical tasks. PAs are formally trained to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive healthcare services, as delegated by a physician. Working as members of the healthcare team, they take medical histories, examine and treat patients, order and interpret laboratory tests and X rays, and make diagnoses. They also treat minor injuries by suturing, splinting, and casting. PAs record progress notes, instruct and counsel patients, and order or carry out therapy. In 48 States and the District of Columbia, physician assistants may prescribe medications. PAs also may have managerial duties. Some order medical supplies or equipment and supervise technicians and assistants.

Psychologist
Psychologists diagnose and evaluate mental and emotional disorders, the behavioral aspects of physical disorders, and use tools such as cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal psychotherapy and hypnosis to treat patients. They conduct interviews and psychological tests, and may conduct complex treatment programs, sometimes in conjunction with physicians or other medical specialists.

Specialty Certification/Registration

Registered Nurse (RN)
A registered nurse assesses patient healthcare problems and needs, develops and implements nursing-care plans, maintains medical records, and administers nursing care to ill, injured, convalescent, and disabled patients. An RN also advises patients on healthcare maintenance and disease prevention or provides case management.

Specialty Certification/Registration

Respiratory Therapist
A respiratory therapist (RT) assesses, treats, and cares for patients with breathing disorders. He or she assumes primary responsibility for all respiratory care modalities. An RT initiates and conducts therapeutic procedures; maintains patient records; selects, assembles, checks, and operates equipment; and supervises respiratory technicians.

Certification/Registration

Veterinarian
A veterinarian is a medical professional whose primary responsibility is to protect the health and welfare of animals and, by extension, people. He or she diagnoses, treats, and controls animal diseases, and advises owners on proper care of pets and livestock. He or she ensures a safe food supply by maintaining the health of animals raised for human consumption.
Veterinarians are essential practitioners in the food safety industry. Veterinarians can be livestock inspectors, check animals for transmissible diseases, and advise owners on treatment and quarantine of animals. Veterinarians who are meat, poultry, or egg product inspectors examine slaughtering and processing plants, check live animals and carcasses for disease, and enforce government regulations regarding food purity and sanitation.

Specialty Certification/Registration


For further information or if you have questions or concerns that have not been addressed, please feel free to contact any of the following individuals:


Bobbie MacKenzie, NMserves Member Services Coordinator: 505.476.8302